A new economic analysis shows that Idaho’s network of land trusts generates substantial economic benefits while protecting agricultural operations and public recreation areas across the state.

The Idaho Coalition of Land Trusts commissioned the study to examine the relationship between land conservation efforts and economic vitality. Researchers at Peterson and Associates used survey data, publicly available economic records, and an Idaho-specific economic model to evaluate economic activity spanning agriculture, forestry, grazing, tourism, and land trust operations themselves.

The findings are significant. Land trusts in the coalition generate approximately $190 million in annual economic activity and support more than 800 jobs statewide. They also contribute roughly $7 million annually in tax revenue.

Land trusts are nonprofit organizations that work with willing landowners to conserve property. The approach allows private landowners to maintain stewardship of their land while securing its long-term protection through conservation easements and other legal arrangements.

Across Idaho’s land trust network, more than 185,000 acres are protected for working farms and ranches. Agricultural activity alone on those protected lands generates $114 million in annual economic activity, demonstrating that conservation and productive use of land are compatible.

In North Idaho, the Kaniksu Land Trust illustrates how conservation works in practice. The organization protects the Western Pleasure Guest Ranch, a 643-acre property that continues operating as a working ranch. One family has managed the property for more than 80 years, and conservation protections ensure it will remain in agricultural use.

The Kaniksu Land Trust also manages Pine Street Woods, a 180-acre preserve open to the public year-round. The property provides opportunities for biking, hiking, Nordic skiing, trail running, and snowshoeing, serving both recreation seekers and the broader community.

“Conservation really works to support agriculture, forestry, grazing, recreation, and tourism in our local communities,” said Katie Cox, executive director of Kaniksu Land Trust.

Heath Mann, executive director of the Sagebrush Steppe Land Trust, emphasized the broad appeal of protected landscapes. “Whether you’re a hunter, a birder, a boater, or a rancher, you benefit from these protected landscapes,” he said.

The study reflects what many North Idaho residents already understand: conservation of working lands and natural areas supports the region’s economy and quality of life. Previous negotiations between North Idaho conservation groups and local leaders on panhandle public lands proposals have underscored the importance of balancing conservation with economic activity.

Land trust conservation differs from federal or state land management. Trusts typically work with willing participants rather than imposing restrictions, and they allow continued productive use of protected land. This approach has gained traction in Idaho as landowners seek ways to ensure their property remains in productive use while accessing conservation benefits.

The economic data suggests land trusts create value beyond environmental protection. Recreation opportunities attract visitors and support local tourism. Agricultural production on protected lands sustains rural economies. And the organizations themselves employ staff and contractors.

For property owners considering conservation, the study provides evidence that protection and economic productivity need not conflict. Agricultural families like those at Western Pleasure Guest Ranch can preserve their operations for future generations while contributing to the broader economy.

As Idaho’s population grows and development pressures increase, land trusts offer a market-based approach to conservation that respects property rights and economic interests. The $190 million in annual economic activity demonstrates that this approach works in practice.